This is the TCP/IP layer that is closest to the user and used for application-specific protocols Read more...

In web development, back-end developers write code that executes on the web server.

A cache is a temporary storage space that increases process efficiency  Read more...

In distributed systems, the devices a server provides services or functionality to Read more...

The client-server model is a distributed system, where one server provides services and resources to multiple clients. Read more...

Starts a two-way connection with the resource that is being requested  Read more...

The code that styles HTML elements. Read more...

Computer data is information stored on any computer.   Read more...

Data latency is the time (in milliseconds) it takes data to travel.  Read more...

A database is a structured way of storing information on a server, so the data is easily accessed and manipulated as needed.  Read more...

Software programs used to create, define, manipulate, and interact with the database.  Read more...

A web server stores your website. Dedicated hosting means your website gets its own dedicated server.  Read more...

It deletes a resource.  Read more...

A distributed system includes many devices that work together to accomplish a common goal. Read more...

The DNS (Domain Name System) is a naming system for websites.  It maps a site’s domain name to its IP address.  Read more...

A domain name is the name of a website that is used by the web browser to obtain the website’s IP Address. Read more...

Constantly changing, moving, progressing, or developing.

Using cryptographic coding to display data in a manner that is unreadable without using the appropriate key. Read more...

Writing code that will execute on the client-side. Front-end files are sent to the web browser.

FTP is the rules for transferring files over a network, from one computer to another. Read more...

The GET request method is used to request data from a web server.  Read more...

The HTTP Head method is similar to the GET method, but the response does not include the body.  Read more...

Hexadecimal uses base 16. Numbers 0-9 represent values 0-9, and letters A-F represent values 10-15. Read more...

Every time a packet passes through an intermediate device it is called a hop.  Read more...

An operating system file that maps IP addresses to hostnames.

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the markup language used to display content on the web.  Read more...

HTML Elements are individual components of a web page that are created using HTML tags.  Read more...

HTML Tags are commands that are read by the web browser and the basic building block of HTML files.  Read more...

HTTP is the rules for transferring web data.  Read more...

Web browsers make HTTP requests to request data from a web server.  Read more...

After the web browser makes an HTTP request, the web server sends back an HTTP response containing the web data.  Read more...

Sent by the server, HTTP Status codes are part of the HTTP response.  Read more...

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure indicates a secure connection.  Read more...

Will always return the same result. It is unchangeable.

The internet is a vast network of networks that computers use to communicate with each other.   Read more...

It is the TCP/IP layer that adds IP address to network packets, ensuring they are delivered to the correct recipient. It is responsible for addressing and routing network packets.  Read more...

IP addresses are unique numbers used to identify devices connected that are connected to the Internet.   Read more...

There are two IP address formats- IPv4 and IPv6.  IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4), the older of the two, has been in use since 1982 and is still used by most devices.  Read more...

IPv6 addresses are 128 bits divided into eight 16-bit blocks, then written in Hexadecimal with a colon (:) separating each block.  Read more...

An ISP is an internet service provider.  The most common type is an Acess ISP, which provides internet access.  Read more...

JavaScript is the front-end scripting language used for web development.  Read more...

A LAN (Local Area Network) is a group of devices that are linked together in the same physical location.  Read more...

The hostname of the computer you are currently using is called localhost. It connects to a local loopback IPv4 address: 127.0. 0.1  Read more...

Nameservers handle DNS (Domain Name System) queries.  They are responsible for translating domain names into IP addresses.  Wikipedia Article

Also called the hardware or link layer, it converts the binary packet data to network signals. The physical hardware that transmits the signals (i.e., ethernet). See TCP/IP

Before transmitting over the internet, data is divided into smaller pieces called network packets.  Read more...

Rules about sending, receiving, and packaging data.

An operating system manages the interaction between a device’s hardware and software. Windows, Linux, and macOS are commonly used operating systems.

The HTTP OPTIONS Method responses with permitted communication options. Read more...

Packet Switched Networks break data down into smaller components called network packets, prior to transmitting the data over a network.  Read more..,

PHP is a popular server-side scripting language used for web development.  Read more...

The ping command tests a network connection.  Read more...

In TCP/IP, a port number is added to network packets to identify the specific process the data is related to. It lets the receiving device know which application layer should handle the data.

The HTTP request POST method sends data to a web server. It is the most common method used to process web forms. Read more...

Rules or procedures that dictate how to do something.

Set of protocols working together to accomplish a common goal.

It is used to update or create a resource, but unlike POST it is idempotent   Read more...

Whatever you are requesting through HTTP is called a resource.

Routers send and receive network packets that are sent over the internet.  Read more...

To remove potentially harmful elements from data  Read more...

A server is hardware or software that provides a service to other devices.

The hosting company partitioned a web server into several user spaces. Many websites share one server, each receiving its own private server space.

SQL stands for Structured Query Language and it is the most commonly used type of database.  Read more...

Not changing.

Subdomains are prefixes used to partition your domain into different sections. i.e., dic in lamp-stack.com Read more...

TCP is the transport layer of TCP/IP.  Read more...

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the protocol stack used by the internet. It contains four layers: Application, Transport, IP, Network/Hardware/Link.  Read more...

A type of client-server model, where data is exchanged between three computing layers (i.e. Web browser, Web Server, Database Server) Read more...

The end of a URL is called the TLD (Top-level Domain). i.e. .com Read more...

A tunnel connection is used to connect two devices over a network when conditions (i.e., firewall, HTTPS) would otherwise restrict communication.

Each web server resource has a URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) that is used by HTTP to identify the appropriate resource.

The web address.  It contains the protocol, domain name, and file path. i.e, https://www.lampp.org

In computer, programming input is any data that is sent to a computer for it to process. Read more...

In computer programming, validation is a programmed process of checking data to ensure it makes sense and meets the rules set up by the programmer.  When processing web form data, you always want to validate the user’s input.

Software that functions as a separate computer. Oracle VirtualBox and VMware are popular VM software packages.

A large network that is not constrained by geographic location and often connects many LAN together.

Web browsers, such as Chrome and Firefox, use the Internet to access the data stored on web servers, then display it appropriately to users.  Read more...

A web server stores and transfers website data.  Read more...

Web server hardware is the actual machine, typically contained in a secure data center, that stores website data.

The software on web server hardware that uses HTTP to make the server work. i.e. Apache2

The World Wide Web. The web is the mass collection of all data used to create web pages.  Read more...